brass

A brass instrument is a musical instrument whose tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the player blows into a tubular resonator. They are also called labrosones, literally meaning "lip-vibrated instruments".

There are two factors in changing the pitch on a valved brass instrument: pressing the valves to change the length of the tubing, and changing the player's lip aperture or "embouchure", which determines the frequency of the vibration into the instrument.

Trumpet

The trumpet is a musical instrument with the highest register in the brass family. Trumpets are among the oldest musical instruments, dating back to at least 1500 BC.

french horn

The horn is a brass instrument consisting of about 12 feet of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. It is descended from the natural horn and is informally known as the French horn.

Horns have valves, operated with the left hand, to route the air into extra tubing to change the pitch. Most horns have lever-operated rotary valves, but some horns like the Vienna horn use piston valves. A horn without valves is known as a natural horn, changing pitch along the natural harmonics of the instrument but with a wide range of notes due to the long tubing.

Trombone

The trombone is a musical instrument in the brass family. The trombone is usually characterised by a telescopic slide with which the player varies the length of the tube to change pitches, although the valve trombone uses three valves similar to those on a trumpet.

Tuba

The tuba is the largest and lowest pitched brass instrument. Sound is produced by vibrating or "buzzing" the lips into a large cupped mouthpiece. It is one of the most recent additions to the modern symphony orchestra, first appearing in the mid-19th century, when it largely replaced the ophicleide. Tuba is Latin for trumpet or horn. The horn referred to would most likely resemble what is known as a Baroque trumpet.

piccolo

The piccolo is a half-size flute, and a member of the woodwind family of musical instruments. The piccolo has the same fingerings as its larger sibling, the flute, but the sound it produces is an octave higher than written. This gave rise to the piccolo's alternative name, the "ottavino".

flute

The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind group. Unlike other woodwind instruments, a flute is a reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air against an opening.
A musician who plays the flute can be referred to as a flute player, a flautist, or a flutist.